Ways of Koi Fish Care

Chapter 1


INTRODUCTION
Background
The success of an ornamental fish cultivation activities and processes performed by the custodian of the fish will be seen from the beauty of the fish are kept. How to keep growing like that with the advancement of technology in Indonesia.
Problem formulation
In accordance with the above information problem can be formulated fish care issues as follows:
"What is the process used to maintain fish breeding strategy that is guided by experts in Indonesia to improve the quality of ornamental fish in Indonesia."
Research Objectives
 Understand more about the procedures for ornamental fish culture.  Know the types of fish that is Indonesia.  Understand the basics of caring for ornamental fish in the daily environment.
General Benefits
The benefit is that we can get to know a lot about the kinds of ornamental fish in Indonesia and we can understand how to take care of ornamental fish.
Special benefits
Special benefits derived from these studies are as follows:
A. The ability to choose fish well;
2. The ability to choose a good feed for the fish;
3. Ability to maintain good water quality;
4. Ability to maintain cleanliness of the pool; and
5. The ability to choose a strategy to manage the state of the pool.

Chapter 2

REFERENCES
Booklet: ornamental fish that carry hockey.: Tabloid Mamamia 29 issue
CENTRAL JAKARTA-Koi koi fish food (koi fish food)



Chapter 3


METHODS
A. Research methods
The method used in this research is descriptive method. Descriptive methods designed to obtain information about the status of symptoms at the time of the study was conducted. This study to determine the nature of a situation at the time the study was conducted. Method is the main way to achieve that goal. Therefore, the research goal is to solve the problem, then the steps are formulated. The formulation of the problem itself should be clear about the state of the subject or the object of research based on facts.


Research
"KOI"
Origins of Koi Fish:
Koi fish derived from goldfish. This fish is a fish of the State of Japan. In the State of Japan itself, koi fish considered as gods. In the country called kai koi fish, which means color. Many versions of the origin koi evolved. One of them came from Persia and then brought to Japan by the Chinese through the mainland of China and Korea. Koi from Japan first in exports to San Francisco, USA (1938). After that row is sent to Hawaii (1947), Canada (1949), and Brazil (1953).
While entry to Indonesia in 1981-1982 is estimated to be brought by Hany Moniaga, hobbyists who live in Cipanas, Cianjur, West Java. He later developed a koi farm, named Leon and Leonny. The first Koi were 90-100 cm long, 50-75 years old. Since that's popular koi in Indonesia and later became a hobbyist game to date.
Koi fish including species of fish are easy to maintain. The food does not always have to be special because it includes plant-eating animals and animal (omnivira). Pellet is the main meal, but when the fish enter the contest, Koi will receive additional food and special doping to enhance the color of his body in a period of quarantine. In addition, vegetables such as spinach or fruit, such as citrus, can be given to the koi.
Long-lived
Age of fish species can survive for decades. To have a fish from the waters of Eurasia and the middle east. It's the fans and prospective fans can fit in a pocket between the wants and conditions. Not always have to pay costly because the price varies, depending on the size and type. Some sellers set prices ranging from Rp 50 thousand to Rp 8 million. Remarkably, the price of koi contest winners can penetrate hundreds of millions of dollars.
The key treatment is the circulation of water in the koi pond should not be stopped. This is what makes the maintenance of koi are often expensive. Koi pond to be created with a specific size. Its depth can not be less than 80 cm, minimum length of 1.5 m with bees 1meter.
Price and koi classes are classified by pattern, shape, and color. The more balanced body color pattern, then the price will be more expensive. So also with a good tubuh.koi is having proportionally. Colors are bright and emit can also affect the type and grade koi prices. In the world known to have koi koi hobbyist classes C, B, A, AA until the super class.
Talking about the type, there are many types of Koi with different colors. Even so, in fact all types of Koi have the same origin, ie derived from a single color: white, red, yellow, black, gold, and silver. Of single colors are born the composition of two colors, three colors to multicolored called ghosiki.
During its development, the association koi koi in Japan classifies into 13 varieties based on color pattern. There Taiso Sanshoku, Kohaku, Showa Sasoku, Utsurimono, Kawarimono, Koromono, Bekko, Hikari Moyo, Hikari Mono, and others who all speak Japanese.
How To Maintain and Koi Fish Care
Koi pond maintenance performed on the cement, ground pools, garden ponds. Maintenance of koi in a tank is not recommended, because the fish need a large swimming area and within. In addition, the beauty of koi lies on its back the rich color, so if kept in the aquarium beauty of the body and the color was not exposed to the maximum.
The recommended size of the koi pond has an area of ​​at least 1.5 x2m with a depth of 80 to 150cm. If telalu shallow pond, koi's body would be constantly exposed to ultraviolet rays produced by the sun. This light may become pale body color, and growth can be inhibited.
Note also the high pool of at least 25cm from the mouth to prevent the koi pond to jump into the mainland. In addition it should also be equipped with pool drain at the bottom of the pond. At the top of the pool is also installed pipes to channel water that has been deposited.
Maintain Water Quality
Four layers of filter also needs to be installed to maintain the cleanliness and smoothness of the water supply. Four-layer filter is a filter consisting of the first filter consisting of gravel, sand, and the fibers which function to filter waste and pollute the pond mud.
The second form of carbon zeolite filter that serves to eliminate toxins, odor and kill germs. The third filter in the form of pesticides that do not kill the bacteria that play a role in the decomposition of the water purification process. While the fourth filter in the form of plants or rocks that can bind to dirt. The degree of acidity (pH) of water suitable for koi growth is 6.5 to 8.5. To keep the water circulating pump can be installed that can deliver as much as 25 liters of water per minute. In this way, the pool water does not need frequent dibrsihkan, but it needs to do is clean the filter and the filter tub. The trick, spray the filter with clean water for about 5-10 minutes in length.
When using this filter, replacement water should be done every two weeks. Aim is to remove toxic substances from food scraps that break down into nitrites that are harmful to the health of koi.
Provision of Animal Feed
Function in addition to helping feed the formation of ideal body and brighten the colors on the koi fish, as well as its medium for treating the sick koi. Type of feed given to a natural food or feed artificial feed. Most importantly it contains a nutritionally balanced food in accordance with the needs of koi fish. Feed should be given twice daily, morning and afternoon for the nutritional needs of koi fish are met.
Type of feed used to spur the growth of koi fish that ideal body shape is elongate body fat and wheat germ. The feed is made from a material containing such a high protein, wheat, shrimp meal, fish meal and soybean meal.
Protein content of about 32%. Besides wheat germ also contains vitamins A, D, E, K, B2, B6, B12, niacin, vitamin C and other mineral elements such as calcium, choline chloride, panthetonate, trace minerals, and antioxidants.
Meanwhile, the feed to brighten and sharpen the color of the koi is feed containing carotenoids. These substances can stimulate the appearance of colors on the koi fish. Naturally in the body of the koi fish are substances that produce carotenoids antaxanthin a red color, and lutein which creates a greenish yellow color.
Food that contain substances such as carotenoids; carrots, algae or algae Spirullina, and Chlorella, watermelon, collards, cabbage and green peppers. While the feed of animals could be given to crabs, crustaceans, krill, trout, salmon, water fleas, mosquito larvae, worms, hair and blood worms.
Food and Growth
Koi growth depends on several factors: Water temperature. A. Koi eat more at a temperature above 20o Celsius. 2. Koi are not yet adults will quickly grow on medium heat. In the adult koi, most of the food used to produce eggs and sperm for mating.
At hot temperatures, koi require a high protein food for growth
Water quality.
A. Water quality is very influential in the growth of koi fish, koi are living because of poor water dikualitas will lose their appetite.

The number of fish in the pond.

• If the number of fish in the pond just a few, each fish will receive rations of food and more oxygen.
• For the hobbyist, it is better to maintain a quality koi less, than many but not of very
Descendants of koi
• Koi are growing too fast is usually the color will fade • In Japan, this is not at issue, because if you eat less or fasted, koi will return bright colors
The content of Koi Food
Fish meal consists of several parts such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
Protein
Composed of various amino acids. All the essential amino acids must be contained in the fish food. There are 20 kinds of amino acids from proteins derived from animal and plant tumbihan. A good diet should contain enough amino acids, to replace cells damaged during the production of eggs and sperm. Protein deficiency leads to: A. Stunted growth 2. In the long term will cause crooked spine
Fat
Fat is the energy regulator for koi. Koi can produce almost all the fatty acids alone, except for essential amino acids and linol, which must be contained in the food.
Linolen acids accelerate growth. If the shortage, food will be damage to the fin, heart, and liver Essential fatty acids contained in fish oil, corn oil, soybean, and wheat germ. In the air, rapidly oxidized fatty acids. It is therefore recommended to close the koi food properly (airtight), not exposed to the sun, and not humid.
Koi adults should not be given foods that contain lots of fat, because fat will accumulate in organs like the liver of fish and interfere with its function
Carbohydrate
Carbohydrates also include the energy regulator, but the hard indigestible carbohydrates. Most carbohydrates will damage the liver.
Vitamin
Is necessary for metabolism and growth of koi. Vitamins are divided into two: A. Soluble vitamins in oil / fat. This type of damage will cause hypervitamin and koi health. 2. Water-soluble vitamins.
Mineral
Minerals required for metabolism, forming the bones of osmoregulation. Function of the nervous system and gas exchange between blood and cells. Mineral deficiencies are rarely found in fish, because most of the mineral can be obtained from the water.
Required Koi Food
The content and amount of food required depends on the size koi. A. Koi small (<> 35 cm) è requires 2% of body weight / day 3. Give your koi to eat in moderation, which could be discharged within a few minutes 4. Should feed twice daily, morning and afternoon at the same time
To Brighten Color Koi Food
Foods that contain a specific pigment, could make the color does not fade the color and ripen. Caratin strengthen the red color in koi. If too much, will make the color white to yellowish fish Spirulina is also strengthening the red, but slightly affect the color white. We recommend 2 weeks of feed containing spirulina, and 2 weeks without spirulina
Biasamya the new hobbyist too much to feed the koi, so the color will soon fade, and water quality pond to be bad, so many health problems memuncukan koi. Koi color brightness depends not only on food, but also on the health and quality of pool water.
Food of Life
Koi prefer live food such as clams, worms, and shrimp. Live food should not be used as a main dish of koi, but rather as food additives, because live foods contain vitamins and certain amino acids. Live foods can also carry germs.
Other Types of food
Koi eat all the food that was thrown into the pool, sometimes these foods can aggravate the health of koi. Koi like to eat salad leaves and algae. I suggest not to give one type of food, should be varied.
Koi Disease Treatment
There is the hallmark of the disease when the koi fish. If sick, koi will separate themselves from the group. Therefore, owners will soon find out when his favorite fish and unhealthy conditions. Several types of diseases that can attack the koi fish include: laceration. These sores usually appear due to abrasion or pingiran pond ornament. To prevent injury to infection, should be soaked didalm koi Monafuracin solution for 4-5 days. Used the recommended dosage listed in the packaging.
In addition to scars, koi can also stem gill disease barjamur. The disease is caused by a fungus that grows on the trunk of the gills. Koi fish with this disorder exhibit symptoms such as decreased appetite and behavioral lazy to move the gills.
Rod gill disease raged when it will be more water in the pool is dirty, or the water temperature is too high. Treatment can be done by soaking the koi fish in a mixture of 0.1 grams per 10liter Green F water. Long immersion listed as recommended on the package.
Sludge disease can also be experienced by koi. The disease is caused by a koi skin irritation and blood vessels are attacked by bacteria. As a result, your body will look dirty like koi covered Lumpur. This condition is usually triggered by excessive feeding, especially those containing high proein.
Prevention of this disease can be done by replacing the pool water with fresh water. For koi fish affected can be treated by immersion in 10% salt solution, done every day for an hour until the koi fish is completely healed.


Chapter 4

CLOSING

By making this assignment allowed me to find out about how to make a blogger and get the computer task. And know about the way of taking care of ornamental fish as well as possible.
Ornamental fish farming is very useful for anyone who has the care of ornamental fish hobby and if there are no ornamental fish breeding not everyone will have these fish.
We must thank God Almighty for all that has been created by Him.

Conclusion: Keeping ornamental fish is one hobby that is fun for people to have hobbies keep ornamental fish.
Suggestions: For fans of ornamental fish pond should be able to adjust the situation and circumstances with the best fish.



Chapter 5

REFERENCES